Primary and secondary suspension systems for rail vehicles

Suspension systems must support both road holdinghandling and ride quality, which are at odds with each other. Development and test of active secondary suspension in a rail vehicle. It isolates the car body from excitations transmitted from track irregularities via the wheel sets and the bogie frames. The image is not accurate but it will suffice the needs for the answer.

The secondary, bolster suspension is left out for simplicity. Below you will find more information about each component and their characteristics. The icf bogie consists of two types of suspension in each bogie, a primary suspension and. Improving crosswind stability of fast rail vehicles using.

This is in between bogie and vehicle either through a bolster or bolsterless. In rolling stocks, scroll compressor is used for hvac and brake systems. Dynamics of vehicles on roads and tracks, 2009 conference paper, published paper other academic abstract en this paper deals with a quartercar rail vehicle model using active lateral secondary suspension. They are compact since they combine elastic and damping properties and do not require operational maintenance. This results in a bogie with a proven pedigree and low life cycle costs. Modern chassis technology for rail vehicles should be quiet, comfortable, reliable and environmentfriendly. The air spring is part of the secondary suspension of most modern passenger rail vehicles, placed between the carbody and bogie. The use of the active lateral secondary suspension is to attenuate the vehicle body lateral vibration on straight track, while complementing tilt action during curving. Rubbermetal springs rms that are widely used in both primary and secondary spring suspension of rail vehicles are reliable elasticdamping elements. Since the suspension of railway vehicles is a complicated system. It is important for the suspension to keep the road. Influence of the primary suspension damping on the ride. Primary chevrons are maintenance free, have a compact design and are available in a spectrum of spring designs. Full advantage has been taken of the principle of fitting standard components and frame modules.

In indian railways icf boogie is used in all the majority of passenger line coaches. In this paper, it is studied whether these often powerful systems also can be used to improve crosswind stability. Air suspension control equipment escorts limited manufactures air suspension control equipment for indian railways. These range from vertical and horizontal dampers in primary and secondary applications on to yaw dampers for a variety of applications. The optimized values of design parameters bogie primary suspension stiffness and damping are found for each operational scenario. Commonly part of secondary suspensions, the air spring works to reduce lower frequency range accelerations in the body of the train. A fullsize rail vehicle of indias fastest running train is considered for modelling and analysis, i. The control input is taken from the primary vertical suspension deflection. The railway vehicle is modeled by a 50 degreeoffreedom dof system which considers the full 6 dof of each.

Towards optimization of a high speed train bogie primary. Application of stability augmentation system for semi. The vehicle having total six axles which divided in two frames i. To improve ride comfort in railway vehicles, the suppression of vertical bending vibration and rigidbodymode vibration in the car body is essential. An active suspension system consists of actuators, sensors and a specific.

Dynamic modeling of suspension components is well described in the reference. Linke hofmann busch lhb ac chair car coach with fabbrica italiana automobili torino fiat bogies. Following figure illustrates a typical air spring system with its different components. This paper presents a novel active suspension control configuration for high speed tilting railway vehicles which integrates tilt with active lateral secondary suspension.

For a passenger vehicle having both primary and secondary suspension, almost the. Suspension systems for the bogie suspension systems are developed in collaboration with our customers, adapting them specifically to their individual needs. Sketch of plate frame bogie primary suspension system. Rail vehicle suspension agenda 2 3 primary suspension modes lateral, vertical, yawwarp freight cars springs and friction dampers yaw mode and truck warp passengertransit cars springs and dampers lateral suspensions locomotives. The suspension design of rail vehicles has been extensively studied considering all possible suspension elements for a rail vehicle. Suspension usually consist of two stages primary and secondary suspension.

Primary suspension, secondary suspension, railway vehicle model, lateral disturbancel introduction the suspension system in automotive and railway vehicle is designed to offer good ride comfort, safe speed and stability to drivers and passengers and has become an important engineering problem to be solved 1. The rail vehicle has two types of suspension spring viz. The diagram above shows a plate framed bogie with the primary, axle box suspension. The primary and secondary suspension forces at each axis of the railway vehicle are defined as the sum of the forces produced by the suspension components. Improving crosswind stability of fast rail vehicles. Hutchinson designs and produces a wide array of primary and secondary rail car and locomotive suspension components for numerous rail vehicle types. For high crosswind loads, the active secondary suspension is used to reduce the impact of crosswind on the vehicle. The scope of this thesis is to develop an active secondary suspension concept for a highspeed rail vehicle. Air spring systems for secondary suspension for high passenger comfort. Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. Analysis of primary and secondary lateral suspension system of.

Its main task is to reduce carbody accelerations in the lower frequency range, around 1 hz. The areas of tilting technology and active primary suspension will be briefly mentioned but are not further covered by this survey. Secondary suspension of railway vehicles air spring. The secondary suspension has two air springs to suspend the vehicle body, four vertical and lateral dampers, and two connection links to connect the bogie frame to the carbody. Rail vehicles are today increasingly equipped with active suspension systems for ride comfort purposes. Its independence is officially attested by certification in accordance to din en iso iec 17025. Railway anti vibration and shock absorption products. Primary suspension primary suspension products minimise the effects resulting from contact between wheel and rails during the journey, competently absorbing vibrations and reducing impact sound for smooth driving operations. Emphasis is put on active secondary and primary suspensions that are. Ride comfort of a higher speed rail vehicle using a. Analysis of primary and secondary lateral suspension. Primary and secondary systems of suspension, as well as each of the building blocks for even load distribution on the train. Secondary suspension springs between truck frame and bolster. It will refer to previous studies that have covered the present subject.

Basic rail vehicle suspension parameters wheel rail seminars. Air compressors and air handling systems for rail vehicles, made in germany. This equipment is used to control the secondary stage of air suspension. Improvements in a highspeed train with active secondary suspension. It is seen from parametric analysis that car body mass, secondary suspension vertical damping, primary suspension vertical damping and wheel base are the most sensitive parameters influencing vertical ride. We have been working on reducing the noise generated by rail traffic for the benefit of the population and the environment i n highspeed, local, regional, and freight trains for over 90 years. We work all over the world across sectors on products, systems, and service solutions for passenger areas, driver cabins, drive units, undercarriages and bodywork.

Integrated tilt with active lateral secondary suspension. Secondary suspension it interconnects the car body and bogie. Introduction in railway vehicles, suspension systems are used for isolating vibrations and improving comfort for the passengers. A bogie supporting railcar body is mainly composed of four bodies. To attain proper stability and good ride comfort for the passengers, bogies are equipped with primary and secondary suspension systems. The equipment ensures a constant floor height on coaches by optimizing the values of stiffness and damping the vibration to provide passenger comfort. Bogie solutions for rail vehicles continental railway. Journal of mechanical systems for transportationand logistics jsme, vol. On active secondary suspension in rail vehicles to improve.

As preferred oe development partner and premium manufacturer, ctrs offers numerous solutions for primary and secondary suspension systems and complementary components. Vulcanite excellence in engineered rubber solutions rail. The ubiquity of pneumatic vibration isolators, especially in heavy road vehicle suspensions and in passenger rail vehicle secondary suspensions, has boosted research interest in these systems. Vulcanite manufactures and exports products to railway companies worldwide. Development of primary suspension damping control system. However, depending on the speeds and axle load properties of the rail vehicle, some of the suspension elements may not be functional. The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. In their work, the longitudinal and lateral stiffnesses of the primary suspension and the yaw damper coefficient of the secondary system were. Improving crosswind stability of fast rail vehicles using active secondary suspension.

In this paper, a system is proposed that aims to reduce bending and rigidbodymode vibration simultaneously by introducing damping control devices in the primary and secondary suspensions. The secondary suspension interconnects the carbody and bogie, with the purpose of isolating the carbody from excitations transmitted from track irregularities via the wheelsets and bogie frames. A fast rail vehicle equipped with active secondary suspension for ride comfort purposes is exposed to crosswind loads during curve negotiation. Active technology in rail vehicles can be divided into two general categories. The secondary suspension connects the body of the car with the bogie and aids comfort of passengers by isolating the vehicle from vibrations transmitted from the track. Nonlinear elements in rail vehicle in the primary and secondary suspension systems, nonlinear elements are considered. Ontrack tests with active lateral secondary suspension. The study is based on model of rigidflexible coupled vehicle, with seven degrees of freedom, where the carbody is modelled as an eulerbernoulli type equivalent beam.

Using the magnetorheological mr damper model, this paper derives a semiactive suspension model for a highspeed railway vehicle, and a new evaluating method is proposed to analyze the effect of two kinds of time delay existing in control systems on vehicle dynamic performance. Flexibility is provided at different levels within the suspension system. The paper features the results of a numerical study regarding the influence that the damping reduction in the primary suspension of the rail vehicle, due to the defect in a damper, has on the ride comfort. On active secondary suspension in rail vehicles to. Hutchinson has been serving the rail industry for 75 years, with products used on light rail vehicles, metro transport, intercity, regional, and high speed rail systems for the global rail market. Also, the suspension is necessary for reducing the forces between wheels and rail. Ride performance of a high speed rail vehicle using.

Primary and secondary suspension systems for rail vehicles. This system can reduce vertical rigidbodymode vibration of the car body, which is not targeted by the primary suspension damping control system. Freight cars depend on the friction wedge system for. Mathematical modelling of the secondary airspring suspension in railway vehicles and its effect on safety and ride comfort.

Optimizing wheel profiles and suspensions for railway vehicles. What type of suspension system is used in different types. Primary chevrons primary chevrons are reliable spring elements in primary and secondary suspensions with decades of worldwide service in various railway vehicles. The diagram above figure 2 shows a plate framed bogie with the primary, axlebox suspension. Our core business is primary and secondary suspension components but also includes bushes, bearings, gangway seals, drawgear pads, bump stops and much more. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of primary and secondary suspensions of a railway vehicle on stability and passenger ride comfort. The two sets of primary suspension springs are mounted near each wheel. The thesis includes an introductionand the followingappendedpapers. Pdf a lateral active suspension for conventional railway. Gmts aim is to improve the security and comfort of rail vehicles and to this end, gmt already supply numerous and varied products to suit particular rail applications from primary and secondary suspension systems to engine mounts, drive couplings, complete assembled links, torque supports, couplers and drawgears and connection rods.